Reconstructive plastic surgery is a procedure that aims to correct an associated functional and aesthetic defect. It can be indicated in accidents, deformities, and cancer recovery. Correcting deformities allows the resocialization and reintegration of these people into society and, consequently, restores the possibility of them feeling comfortable finding their peers. Functional deformities that must undergo reconstructive plastic surgery by chicagoeyelids.com for example can be classified as follows:
- A) Congenital (acquired at birth):
Examples:
- cleft lip (cleft lip, cleft lip, and palate)
- congenital giant nevus
- craniofacial syndromes
- Malformation of limbs or parts of the human body
- B) Acquired
B.1) After trauma or accidents
- facial fractures (nasal, orbit, mandible, maxilla, etc.);
- substance losses—animal bites, car accidents, accidents at work, etc.; I/II- and III-degree burns.
B.2) Acquired by diseases
- skin cancer (Melanoma, basal/squamous cell carcinoma, sarcoma, etc.);
- Breast cancer, skin tumors or various soft tissues (hemangioma, fibroma, lipoma), etc.;
B.3) Acquired after surgery:
- pathological scars (keloids, hypertrophic, depressed, enlarged, retracted, hyperchromic, hypochromic scars);
- post-surgical sequelae (sagging skin after gastroplasty, post-mastectomy lymphedema);
- infectious processes, tissue necrosis — death — etc.
The therapeutic, surgical arsenal is quite vast. The possibilities of reconstructive plastic surgery vary according to the location, extent, type of deformity, mechanism that originated it, specific therapeutic response, and co-morbidities, among others. It is recommended to look for simpler solutions first and, depending on the answer, delve into more complex and difficult solutions.
Reconstructive plastic surgery by Dr. Ahmad Reconstructive Surgeon for example has special protocols for treatments after cancer. Find out about some conditions and their treatments below:
Reconstruction, Skin Cancer Resection,
The most prevalent type of cancer in both men and women is skin cancer. They manifest themselves in different ways. Each type will produce a type of prognosis, a type of treatment. Often, when in doubt, an EXCISIONAL BIOPSY (removal of the entire lesion) or INCISIONAL BIOPSY (removal of fragments of the lesion) is necessary to determine the size of the enlargement of the resection margins. At other times, a DERMATOSCOPY exam is decisive in choosing the best treatment.
- A) (BCC) Basal Cell Carcinoma
It is the most prevalent skin cancer. It grows in the so-called “basal layer” of the epidermis. It affects any area of the body, but mainly areas exposed to the sun. It does not give metastases and presents a slow growth by contiguity of neighboring structures. There is usually a history of cumulative sun exposure. In other cases, in addition to sun exposure, other factors trigger the onset of the disease.
- B) Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)
It grows as a process of differentiation of the squamous cells of the superficial layer. It develops in any body area but mainly in areas exposed to the sun (ears, face, scalp, neck, etc.). It occurs twice as often in men as in women. In addition to the sun, they also occur in the presence of Chronic Wounds (Marjolin’s Ulcer), transplant patients who use immunosuppressive drugs, and radiation, among others.
- c) Melanoma
It is the least frequent and most feared skin cancer. It is the skin cancer with the worst prognosis. It arises from Melanocytes (melanin-producing cells). When an early diagnosis is made, there is a 90% chance of a cure. There is usually a history of infrequent, acute sun exposure in a person with white skin (phototypes I and II). As they grow into the skin, the chances of metastases increase. The hereditary character plays a key role in the history of Melanoma.
Each type of cancer requires reconstructive plastic surgery, a resection, with a size safety margin. The size of the defect must be repaired, obeying the basic principles of histological and anatomical knowledge, always thinking about maintaining the function with minimal aesthetic damage. Reconstruction can range from simple skin closure to creating composite flaps at a distance in several stages.
